[cu(nh3)4]so4

Definition

[cu(nh3)4]so4, or tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate, is a coordination compound formed by a copper(II) ion surrounded by four ammonia molecules, creating a complex cation that is paired with a sulfate anion. This compound exemplifies how transition metals can form complex ions with ligands, influencing both its nomenclature and structural characteristics. The interactions between the central metal ion and the surrounding ligands result in unique chemical properties and geometries that are key to understanding coordination chemistry.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. [cu(nh3)4]so4 features a copper(II) ion at its center, which has an oxidation state of +2.
2. Ammonia (NH3) acts as a neutral ligand in this complex, donating electron pairs to bond with the copper ion.
3. The coordination number of [cu(nh3)4]so4 is 4, indicating that there are four ammonia ligands attached to the copper center.
4. The geometry of this coordination compound is typically tetrahedral due to the arrangement of the four ammonia ligands around the copper ion.
5. This compound can be identified by its blue color, characteristic of many copper(II) complexes.

Review Questions

• How does the presence of ammonia as a ligand influence the properties of [cu(nh3)4]so4?
  • Ammonia, as a neutral ligand, significantly influences the properties of [cu(nh3)4]so4 by forming coordinate covalent bonds with the copper(II) ion. This interaction enhances the stability and solubility of the complex in water. Additionally, the strong field nature of ammonia leads to specific electronic arrangements within the complex, which can affect its color and reactivity. The tetrahedral arrangement also contributes to unique physical and chemical characteristics compared to other coordination complexes.
• What role does the coordination number play in determining the structure of [cu(nh3)4]so4?
  • The coordination number of [cu(nh3)4]so4 is 4, meaning that four ammonia molecules coordinate to the central copper ion. This coordination number directly impacts the geometric structure of the compound, resulting in a tetrahedral shape. The spatial arrangement of these ligands around the metal ion affects not only the stability of the complex but also its reactivity and interaction with other substances. Therefore, understanding the coordination number is essential for predicting how this compound will behave in different chemical environments.
• Evaluate how the structure and bonding in [cu(nh3)4]so4 reflect broader principles in coordination chemistry.
  • The structure and bonding in [cu(nh3)4]so4 exemplify several broader principles in coordination chemistry, such as ligand types, coordination numbers, and geometric arrangements. The interaction between the central copper ion and ammonia ligands illustrates how different ligands can influence the overall stability and properties of a coordination compound. Additionally, this example highlights how transition metals like copper can form various complexes with different ligands, leading to diverse physical properties such as color and reactivity. Analyzing these aspects helps to understand how various factors interplay in the design and function of coordination compounds in chemical applications.

Related terms

Coordination Number:

The total number of ligand atoms that are bonded to a central metal atom in a coordination complex.

Ligand: A molecule or ion that donates a pair of electrons to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex.

Chelation: The process in which a ligand forms multiple bonds with a single metal ion, creating a more stable complex.